وظائف واماكن

places	Speakers
Clothes shop                 محل ملابس	Salesperson   بائع	Customer                     زبون
Shoe shop                      محل أحذية	Salesperson   بائع	Customer                     زبون
Toys shop                          محل لعب	Salesperson   بائع	Customer                     زبون
Camera shop        محل كاميرات	Salesperson   بائع	Customer                     زبون
Coffee   shop café            مقهى	Waiter                                 جرسون	Customer                     زبون
Pet shop     محل الحيوانات الاليفة	Assistant                               بائع	Customer                     زبون
House plant shop بيع نباتات الزينة	Salesman                              بائع	Customer                     زبون
Butcher’s                  محل جزارة	Butcher                     جزار	Customer                     زبون
Baker’s                            المخبز	Salesperson                   بائع	Customer                     زبون
Grocer’s                        محل بقالة	Grocer                                بقال	Customer                     زبون
Greengrocer’sمحل الخضر	Greengrocer                  الخضرى	Customer                     زبون
Fruit seller’s         محل بيع الفاكهة	Fruit seller                     الفكهانى	Customer                     زبون
Florist’s               محل بيع الزهور	Florist                         بائع الزهور	Customer                     زبون
Watchmaker’s          محل الساعات	Watchmaker                    ساعاتى	Customer                     زبون
Hairdresser’s             محل كوافير	Hairdresser                      كوافير	Customer                     زبون
Barber’s                صالون حلاقة	Barber                              حلاق	Customer                     زبون
Tailor’s                      محل ترزى	Tailor                              ترزى	Customer                     زبون
Dressmaker’s محل ترزى سيدات	Dressmaker                     خياطة	Customer                     زبون
Electrician’s          محل كهربائى	Electrician                    كهربائى	Customer                     زبون
Carpentry shop          محل نجارة	Carpenter                         نجار	Customer                     زبون
Library      مكتبة(للقراءة / الاستعارة)	Librarian                   أمين المكتبة	Student/ Readerقارئ    طالب
Bookshop          مكتبة لبيع الكتب	Salesperson                      بائع	Customer                     زبون
Stationery shop مكتبة لبيع الأدوات	Assistant = salesman      بائع	Customer                     زبون
Bank                                          بنك	Bank manager       مدير بنك Banker/bank clerk  موظف بنك	Businessman    رجل أعمال  Client                   عميل بنك
Exchange desk  مكتب صرافة	Exchanger              صراف	Client                         عميل
Company / Firm           شركة	Receptionist    موظف استقبال              secretary                سكرتيرة	Businessman        رجل أعمال Manager                      مدير
Company شركة                               Office                                     مكتب	Employee                 موظف Interviewer  المحاورBossرئيس	Applicant       متقدم لوظيفة Interviewee من تجرى معه ا
Classroom                     فصل مدرسى	Teacher                           معلم	Student                          طالب
Science laboratory معمل العلوم	Teacher                          معلم	Student                          طالب
University                    جامعة	Employee                         موظف	New student     طالب جديد
Laboratory                معمل	Researcher                      باحث	Scientist                  عالم
University lab    معمل بالجامعة	Professor              أستاذ جامعة	Researcher                  باحث
Hotel                                فندق	Hotel receptionist     موظف	Guest= resident  نزيل Client
Factory                             مصنع	Engineer                    مهندس	Worker                         عامل
Embassy                             سفارة	Official                    موظف	Applicant        متقدم بطلب
Museum                      متحف	Visitor          زائرTourist   سائح	Guide  مرشد \ Security officer أمن
Radio Studio   أستوديو الإذاعة	Interviewer                     محاور	Interviewee من تجرى معه
Cinema                          سينما Theatre                         مسرح	Cinema employee موظف بالسينما   usher                   مرشد الجمهور	A member of the public     viewer = spectator مشاهد
Restaurant                       مطعم	Waiter                        جرسون	Client                     زبون
Lawyer’s                      مكتب محامى	Lawyer                        محامى	Client                       زبون
Chemist’s/pharmacy          صيدلية	Chemist                       صيدلى	Customer                      زبون
Hospital                            مستشفى	Doctor    طبيب\ Surgeon  جراح	Patient  مريض   Visitor   زائر
Doctor’s / Clinic                  عيادة	Doctor                          طبيب	Patient                        مريض
Oculist’s                          عيادة عيون	Oculist                طبيب عيون	Patient                        مريض
Dentist’s                     عيادة أسنان	Dentist                 طبيب أسنان	Patient                        مريض
Optician’s                 محل نظارات	Optician                      النظّاراتيّ	Customer                      زبون
Garage  Mechanic’s ورشة سيارات	Mechanic                  ميكانيكى	DriverCar ownerصاحب
Aliens’ department قسم مد الأقامة	Official                           موظف	Tourist   سائح Foreignerأجنبى
Passport department قسم الجوازات	Official                          موظف	A member of the public/citizenمواطن
Sinai desert            صحراء سيناء	Tour guide    مرشد سياحى	Tourist                             سائح
Petrol (gas) station       محطة بنزين	Worker عامل	Driver    سائق                       Car ownerصاحب  سيارة
Police station          مركز شرطة	Officer                          ضابط	Reporter                    مبلغ
Railway station   محطة سكة حديد	Booking clerk         موظف حجز	traveller  راكب  Porter شيال
Train    قطار  \ Bus   أتوبيس	Conductor                   كمسارى	Passenger           راكب
Taxi                                 تاكسى	Taxi driver              سائق تاكسى	Passenger                     راكب
Plane                              طائرة	Air hostess             مضيفة جوية	Passenger                 راكب
Check- in – desk   مكتب المراجعة Airport                           مطار	Check-in clerk         موظف تفتيش              TouristسائحBusinessman رجل أعمال	Passenger   مسافر \ Porter   شيال Egyptian citizen    مواطن
Computer service centre مركز	Computer technician   فنى	Customer                       زبون
Zoo                    حديقة حيوان	Visitor  / vet      / طبيب بيطري	Friend/handlerسايس/
Tourist placeمكان سياحي	Guideمرشد	Visitorزائر
Opera house               دار الأوبرا	Viewer                       مشاهد	Booking clerk  موظف الحجز
Ticket office                مكتب تذاكر	Booking clerk      موظف الحجز	Customer \ traveller       زبون
Electronic company  إليكترونيات	Customer                       زبون	Salesperson                  بائع
Post office         مكتب بريد	Customer                        زبون	Official                     موظف
Court                              محكمة	Judge                            قاضى	Witness                       شاهد
Exhibition                         معرض	Visitor                                    زائر	Guard                           حارس
Club                                 نادى	Member of the public العامة	Receptionist استقبال
Stadium                        إستاد	Spectator                       متفرج	Another spectator متفرج
Beach                                البلاج  Home                                منزل Kitchen مطبخ	Host   مضيف     Hostessمضيفة Husband     زوجMother        الأم Father                              الأب	Guest     ضيف       Visitor زائر Wife   زوجة  Daughter ابنةSon                 الابن
Party                                 حفلة	Host/Hostess        مضيفة	Guest                          ضيف
Immigration department الهجرة	Tourist                 سائح	Official                       موظف
Travel agency    وكالة \ مكتب سفر	Travel agent              وكيل سفر Booking clerk     موظف الحجز	Customer                      زبون Traveler                      مسافر
Airline office مكتب شركة طيران	Ticket clerk           موظف تذاكر	Customer                       زبون
Customs                           الجمرك	Customs officer     ضابط جمرك	Passenger                     راكب
Dry-cleaner's\Laundry’s   مغسلة	Customer                زبون	Assistant                المساعد
Jeweler's          محل جواهرجى	Jeweler                     جواهرجى	Customer                       زبون
Street                               شارع	Policeman رجل شرطةTourist	Passer-by             أحد المارة
Telephone                          تليفون	Customer                             زبون	Landlord                      المالك
Swimming poolحمام سباحة	Pool attendant / trainee متدرب	Instructor / Swimmerمعلم \
Church كنيسة	Priestكاهن/قسيس	Prayerمصلي
Mosqueمسجد	Imam / sheikh امام / شيخ	Prayerمصلي
Block                                    العمارة	Renter / tenantمستأجر	Landlordصاحب عقار
Playground/stadiumملعب/ستاد	Refereeحكم	Playerلاعب
Telephone switchالسنترال	Operatorعامل التليفون	Clientعميل
Farm                                     مزرعة	Agronomist مهندس زراعي	Farmerفلاح
Fish market سوق السمك	Fish sellerبائع سمك	Buyerمشتري
Shoe-repair shop محل صانع  احذية	Shoemakerصانع احذية	Customerزبون
Plumber's                محل سباكة	Plumberسباك	Flat ownerصاحب شقة
Accounting office   مكتب محاسبة	Accountant محاسب	Tax-payer دافع ضرائب
Multimedia lab متعدد  الوسائط	Teacherمدرس	Studentطالب
Internet café                       مركز نت	Assistantعامل	Customerزبون
Newsagent's       محل بيع صحف	Newsagentبائع الصحف	Customerزبون
Archaeological site موقع  سياحي	Tour guide مرشد سياحي	Touristسائح
Weather forecast  النشرة الجوية	Meteorological expert ارصاد	Viewers المشاهدين
Broker's              مكتب السمسار	Customer/tenantزبون/مستأجر	Brokerسمسار
Morgue                        المشرحة	Surgeonجراح	Doctor traineeطبيب متدرب
تشحيم      auto lubricant workshop	Attendant القائم بالخدمة	Car ownerصاحب السيارة
قطع غيار        AutoParts Workshop	Assistant بائع	Car owner صاحب السيارة
معرض سيارات   Auto exhibition	Managerمدير	Customerزبون
ملجأ                           Orphanage	Managerمدير	Donor متبرع
مخبز                     Bakery / baker's	Bakerخباز	Customerزبون
مكتب كومبيوتر          Computer shop	Computer programmer مبرمج	Client عميل
موقع بناء                     Building site	Civil engineer مهندس مدني	Worker عامل
مكتب هندسي       Engineering office	Architectمهندس معماري	Client عميل
شارع                                    Street	Beggarشحات	Passer-by عابر سبيل
مكتب استعلامات     Information desk	Information clerk استعلامات	Passenger راكب
مكتب جمارك            Customs-house	Customs officer ضابط جمارك	Traveller مسافر
النادي                          The club	Trainer مدرب	Athlete رياضي
Examination room    غرفة الامتحان	Studentطالب	Teacher/supervisor مشرف
Photo shop             محل تصوير	Photographerمصور	Customerزبون
The courtالمحكمة	Judgeالقاضي	Criminalمجرم
Telephone switchكابينة تليفون	Operator             عامل التشغيل	Client    زبون
Accounting office     مكتب محاسبة	Accountantمحاسب	Tax payer دافع الضريبة
Driving school              مدرسة قيادة	Instructorمعلم	Driverسائق
Monastery                      دير	Monkراهب	Prayerمصلي
Pastry                        محل حلويات	Salesmanبائع	Customerزبون
Nursery/kindergarten    حضانة	Baby sitterجليسة اطفال	Child/parents طفل / والدين
Th beach                            الشاطيء	Holiday makerالقائم بالاجازة	Touristسائح
At the table             على السفرة	Mother/fatherام / اب	Daughter/sonابنة / ابن
Music hall قاعة للموسيقى	Musicianموسيقي	Listenerمستمع
Bread kiosk              كشك بيع خبز	Sellerبائع	Customerزبون
Fir station                           المطافي	Officer                                   ضابط	Fireman رجل مطافي
Exchange officeمكتب صرافة	Tellerصراف	Clientعميل
Multi media lab معمل وسائط	Student  طالب	Teacher  مدرس
train station  محطة قطار	Porter       شيال	Passenger              راكب
Electronics'             محل الكترونيات	Salesman                       بائع	Customer عميل
Teachers' room حجرةالمدرسين	A teacher       مدرس	Colleague  زميل
Art gallery معرض فنون	Visitor  زائر	An artist فنان
Embassy سفارة	Official موظف	An applicant  متقدم
Image center  مركز تصوير	Photographer  مصور	Customer  عميل
Beauty shopصالون تجميل	Beautician مجمل	Lady سيدة
House  بيت	Landlord / land ladyصاحبةمنزل	Tenant  مستأجر
Kitchen  مطبخ	Mother         ام	Daughter   ابنه
Photoshop محل تصوير                   Movie location موقع تصوير	Cameraman مصور                       Director                                 مخرج	Customer   عميل                 Actor / actress ممثل /
Engineering office مكتب هندسة	Architect       مهندس معماري	Client عميل
Metro station محطة المترو	Booking clerk موظف حجز	Passenger راكب
Mole مول تجاري	Assistant     بائع	Customer  عميل زبون
Internet الانترنت	Chatter  السامر / المتحدث	Friend  الصديق
Insurance company شركة تأمين	Clerk موظف	Customer عميل
Orphanage دار أيتام	Manager مدير	Donor  متبرع
Agricultural society جمعية زراعية	Agricultural engineer م/ زراعي	Farmer  فلاح
Broker's مكتب سمسرة	Broker سمسار	Customer /tenantمستأجر
weather forecast النشرة الجوية	Meteorological expertارصاد	Viewers مشاهدين
Wedding reception صالة افراح	Waiterجرسون	Guest ضيف
Furniture shop محل اثاث	Assistant بائع	Customer زبون
Service center مركز صيانة	Technician عامل فني	Client عميل
Telegram office مكتب تلغراف	Office clerk موظف المكتب	Member of the public    احد العامة
Tahrir Squar ميدان التحرير	Corespondant -Reporterمراسل	A demonstrator متظاهر
Ambulance اسعاف	Paramedicمسعف	Patientمريض

Positive Attitude

Positive thinking is a mental and emotional attitude that focuses on the bright side of life and expects positive results.

A positive person anticipates happiness, health and success, and believes he or she can overcome any obstacle and difficulty.

Positive thinking is not accepted by everyone. Some, consider it as nonsense, and scoff at people who follow it, but there is a growing number of people, who accept positive thinking as a fact, and believe in its effectiveness.

It seems that this subject is gaining popularity, as evidenced by the many books, lectures and courses about it.

To use it in your life, you need more than just to be aware of its existence. You need to adopt the attitude of positive thinking in everything you do.

The following story illustrates how this power works:

Allan applied for a new job, but he didn't believe he will get it, since his self-esteem was low, and he considered himself as a failure and unworthy of success.

He had a negative attitude toward himself, and therefore, believed that the other applicants were better and more qualified than him.

Allan's mind was occupied with negative thoughts and fears concerning the job, for the whole week preceding the job interview. He actually, anticipated failure.

On the day of the interview, he got up late, and to his horror he discovered that the shirt he planned to wear was dirty, and the other one needed ironing. As it was already too late, he went out wearing a wrinkled shirt and without eating breakfast.

During the interview, he was tense, negative, hungry and worried about his shirt. All this, distracted his mind and made it difficult for him to focus on the interview. His overall behavior made a bad impression, and consequently, he materialized his fear and did not get the job.

Jim applied for the same job too, but approached the matter in a different way. He was sure that he was going to get the job. During the week preceding the interview, he often visualized himself making a good impression and getting the job.

In the evening before the interview, he prepared the clothes he was going to wear, and went to sleep a little earlier. On day of the interview, he woke up earlier than usual, and had ample time to eat breakfast, and then to arrive to the interview before the scheduled time.

Jim made a good impression and got the job.

What do we learn from these two stories? Was there any magic used? No, everything happened in a natural way.

With a positive attitude we experience pleasant and happy feelings. This brings brightness to the eyes, more energy, and happiness. Our whole being broadcasts good will, happiness and success. Even our health is affected in a beneficial way. We walk tall, our voice is more powerful, and our body language shows the way we feel.

With a positive attitude we experience pleasant and happy feelings. This brings brightness to the eyes, more energy, and happiness. Our whole being broadcasts good will, happiness and success. Even our health is affected in a beneficial way. We walk tall, our voice is more powerful, and our body language shows the way we feel.

Positive and negative thinking are contagious.

We affect, and are affected by the people we meet, in one way or another. This happens instinctively and on a subconscious level, through words, thoughts and feelings, and through body language.

Is it any wonder that we want to be around positive people, and prefer to avoid negative ones?

People are more disposed to help us, if we are positive, and they dislike and avoid anyone broadcasting negativity.

Negative thoughts, words and attitude, create negative and unhappy feelings, moods and behavior. When the mind is negative, poisons are released into the blood, which cause more unhappiness and negativity. This is the way to failure, frustration and disappointment.

In order to turn the mind toward the positive, some inner work is required, since attitude and thoughts do not change overnight.

1.     Read about this subject, think about its benefits, and persuade yourself to try it. The power of your thoughts is a mighty power that is always shaping your life. This shaping is usually done subconsciously, but it is possible to make the process a conscious one. Even if the idea seems strange, give it a try. You have nothing to lose, but only to gain.

2.     Ignore what other people say or think about you, if they discover that you are changing the way you think.

3.     Use your imagination to visualize only favorable and beneficial situations.

4.     Use positive words in your inner dialogues, or when talking with others.

5.     Smile a little more, as this helps to think positively.

6.     Once a negative thought enters your mind, you have to be aware of it, and endeavor to replace it with a constructive one. If the negative thought returns, replace it again with a positive one. It is as if there are two pictures in front of you, and you have to choose to look at one of them, and disregard the other. Persistence will eventually teach your mind to think positively, and to ignore negative thoughts.

7.     In case you experience inner resistance and difficulties when replacing negative thoughts with positive ones, do not give up, but keep looking only at the beneficial, good and happy thoughts in your mind.

8.     It doesn't matter what your circumstances are at the present moment. Think positively, expect only favorable results and situations, and circumstances will change accordingly. If you persevere, you will transform the way your mind thinks. It might take some time for the changes to take place, but eventually they will.

9.     Another useful technique is the repetition of affirmations. This technique is similar to creative visualization, and can be used together with it.

The other articles at this website, about the power of concentration, willpower, self-discipline and peace of mind, also contribute to the development of a positive mind, and are recommended for reading and practicing.

This article quoted from: 

http://www.successconsciousness.com

An article about illegal immigration

 Illegal immigration

              The Arab Spring nations for the most part have failed to put a halt to the economic and social problems plaguing the Middle East. On the contrary, they seem to have exacerbated social class differences, and increased both unemployment and poverty. This has had a direct effect on the increased immigration through illegal channels either to Arab or European states. The common goal is to seek a better chance at life and look for a safe haven to avoid the security crises in the region. This seems to be an issue that will continue through 2015 and is set to further increase due to citizens having increased motives to leave their countries behind. 

A Widespread Phenomenon

There has been a dramatic increase of the phenomenon of illegal immigration in the Arab states. This is in both case of being Arab-to-Arab and Arab-to-European immigration. Despite an absence of a formal estimate on the numbers of immigrants, unofficial reports and estimates have remained the primary source for determining the size and reasoning behind the spread. The phenomenon is no longer limited to a single nation but rather an entire region; it has increased in to include Egypt, Tunisia, Libya, Yemen, and Morocco. It is also common amongst African states that use the Arab states, especially Mediterranean countries, as a transit point to Europe.

According to some statistics and estimates from official western sources, the numbers of immigrants that have reached Europe number are over 140,000 from 2011 until mid-2014. In Tunisia, the number of youths taking part in illegal immigration since the start of the Jasmine Revolution has reached approximately 60,000, 80% of who were part of poverty stricken areas. According to recent statistics published by the Tunisian Forum for Economic and Social Rights, 18% of illegal immigrants hold university degrees, 10% are female, and the majority of these trips begin at staging points along the Tunisian coast. At the head of these staging points are Girgieus, Safakes and El Mansateer, with the Island of Lampdosa as the destination.

Egypt suffers from the spread of this phenomenon, primarily in the form of land immigration to neighbouring Arab states such as Libya through Saloum, despite the warnings issued by the Foreign Ministry of not traveling to Libya. The issue of tabulating accurate numbers on illegal immigrants is difficult, but the number of people captured can be used as a yardstick. For instance, in 2014 border guards were able to stop a total of 14,690 cases of attempted border crossings, which is a substantial number when compared with other nations. Egypt also suffers from immigration via the Mediterranean to European states, especially Italy and Greece, from staging points such as Alexandria. There are a large number of trips being made; however, boats tend to capsize, which has left behind a large number of dead and missing.It is important to note that a larger percentage of Egyptian illegal immigrants come from poorer provinces, especially Fayoum, Beni Suief, Menia and Assuit. This further confirms the link between increased poverty rates and illegal immigration.

Algeria is also considered an example of the increased rates of illegal immigration, as the coast guard exerts a daily effort to stem these attempts. The Algerian coast guard recently rescued 20 people on a boat 15 miles away from the shores of the Mostaghnem province. The majority of the main staging points for illegal immigration are centred on the coast of Wahran.

Morocco is also considered to be one of the largest exporters of illegal immigrants, since it is considered to be both a receiving nation and transit point for all African states to Europe. These states are mostly from south of the Sahara, notably Cameroon, Mali and Nigeria. According to statistics from the government of Morocco, the numbers of illegal immigrants living on its soil are between 25,000 and 40,000; most are centred in a number of camps around the areas of El Ahrash and Mount Gorogo.

Two Main Trends: 

The previous revolutionary phases have uncovered two main patterns regarding illegal immigration, which are:

Internal Illegal Immigration: This is spread through the trend of human migration from some states that are experiencing worsening economic and security situations to neighbouring states. This is a pattern spread amongst Egyptian workers who, despite the threatening security situation, cross the border with Libya looking for a chance to work. This is due to the increased control of armed groups in Libya over vast territories, which makes the situation worse than before. This trend is also becoming common amongst Libyans who are seeking safe haven in Tunisia. Meanwhile, in Yemen, the trend is also spreading with an outward look towards the Gulf States.

External Illegal Immigration: This is represented by the immigration of citizens of North African states to European states via the Mediterranean. Almost all of these movements end in failure, as the boats capsize, taking with them the immigrants on board. These movements have earned the nickname, “The Boats or Trips of Death,” even though the main motivation behind these trips is to seek better economic conditions and a better life.

Possible Future Scenarios:

In regard to the future of the illegal immigration phenomenon there seems to be two possible scenarios: First is the continued increase of illegal immigration from Arab states, despite repeated failures, due to the continued factors that encourage illegal immigration. The continued reduction of development levels and the increased poverty rates, in accordance with the worldwide poverty line, as well as the continued lack of stability in the security field are the main factors.

The second scenario is that the situation will remain the same, where this phenomenon cannot disappear, especially considering the large criminal rings that operate these movements. The inability of security forces, whether on the receiving end or the traveling end, to end this phenomenon completely is another way, which will keep the situation unchanged.

In conclusion, the Arab Spring has not yet achieved the desired results in reference to the economy or the social sector, especially in the case of social justice and increasing the standard of living. This is considered to be the main motive behind illegal immigration, however despite these factors there is still a way to reduce this phenomenon: First, solving the main reasons for immigration in the first place especially the economic and security situations in a fully fledged and all encompassing strategy. Secondly, to expand the areas of coordination between the security forces of the receiving states and the sending states, for example, to tackle criminal immigration rings and related groups. Then as a preliminary step to completely wipe them out, decrease their size indefinitely. Finally, governments need to take drastic measures to raise awareness levels regarding the dangers behind illegal immigration in order to help put a stop to it. 

تدريب | اختبار اللغة الإنجليزية TOEFL

Learn English Through Story ● EAST OF EDEN -- Advanced Level ✔

Learn English Through Stories Level 2: Meet Me In Istanbul (Subtitles)