Learn English Through Story Around The World in 80 Days Level 0

William Golden

Lord of the Flies   by William Golding

         In the midst of a wartime evacuation, a British plane crashes onto an isolated island in a remote region of the Pacific Ocean. The only survivors are male children below the age of thirteen. Two boys, the fair-haired Ralph and an overweight, bespectacled يرتدى نظارة طبية boy reluctantly nicknamed "Piggy" find a conchمحار, which Ralph uses as a hornبوق to bring all the survivors to one area. Ralph emerges يبرز as one of the survivors' leaders during the meeting, as does Jack Merridew, a member of a boys' choir  جوقة  فريق الغناءthat survived the crash. The survivors elect Ralph as their "chief", losing only the votes of Jack's fellow choirboys, who support their leader. Ralph asserts two primary goals: to have fun and to maintain a smoke signal that could alert passing ships to their presence on the island. The boys decide that a conch shell they found embodies the society they shall create on the island, and declare that whoever holds the conch shall also receive the respect of the larger group.

Jack organises his choir group into a hunting party responsible for discovering a food source; Ralph, Jack, and a boy named Simon soon form a troikaاللجنة  of leaders. Piggy, although Ralph's only confidante, is quickly made an outcastمنبوذ by his fellow "biguns" (older boys) and becomes an unwilling source of laughs for the other children. Simon, in addition to supervising the project of constructing shelters, feels an instinctive needدافع فطرى  to protect the younger boys.

The semblance of order imposed التعليمات التى فرضها  by Ralph and Simon quickly deteriorates تتدهور as the majority of the boys turns idleخمول and begin to develop paranoia جنون العظمة  about the island, referring to a supposed monster, the "beast", which dwells يتجول nearby. Jack, who has started a power struggle with Ralph, gains control of the discussion by boldly بجراة  promising to kill the beast. At one point, Jack summonsيستدعى  all of his hunters to hunt down a wild pig, drawing away those assigned to maintain the signal fire مهملا واجب الحفاظ على . After the fire burns out, a ship passes by the island, but does not stop as it has seen nothing amiss لم تر مايسترعى الانتباة (خطأ). Angered by this, Ralph considers relinquishing التخلى عن his position, but is convinced  اقنع الايفعل not to do so by Piggy.

While Jack schemes  مخططات against Ralph, twins Sam and Eric, now assigned to the maintenance of the signal fire, see the corpseجثة of a fighter pilot in the dark. Mistaking the corpse for the beast, they run to the clusterتجمع  of shelters that Ralph and Simon have erected and warn the others. This unexpected meeting sees tensions between Jack and Ralph flareمشتعلا  again. Shortly thereafter, Jack decides to lead a party to the other side of the island, where a heap of stones forms a place where he claims the beast residesيتواجد. Only Ralph and Jack's supporter Roger agree to go; Ralph turns back shortly before the other two boys. When they arrive at the shelters, Jack calls an assembly اجتماع  and tries to turn the others against Ralph, asking for them to remove him from his position. Receiving little support, Jack, Roger, and another boy leave the shelters to form their own tribe. The tribe, which receives recruits المجندين from the main group of boys, grows in strength and begins to adopt customs common to primitive cultures ثقافة بدائية, including face paintوشم الوجه او الرسم على الوجه and bizarre rituals طقوس غريبة  including sacrificesاضحيات to the beast. When the tribe grows to a size that rivals Ralph's, they begin to harassمضايقة those who remain at the shelters and make pronouncements encouraging them to abandonيهجر Ralph and the societal orderالمسار المدنى he has imposedالتى فرضها او التزمها .

Simon, unable to bear the stress of his position, goes off to think. Alone, he finds a severed مقطوعة pig head, left by Jack as an offering to the beast. Simon envisions the pig head, now swarmingيتجمعون  with scavenging flies, as the "Lord of the Flies" and believes that it is talking to him. Simon hears the pig identifying itself as the real "Beast" and disclosingكاشفا  the truth about itself – that the boys themselves "created" the beast, and that the real beast was inside them all. Simon also locatesحدد موقع  the dead parachutist  المظلى (الهابط بالمظلة )who had been mistaken for the beast, and is the sole member of the group to recognize that the "monster" is a cadaver جيفة (جثة متحللة) . Simon, hoping to tell others of the discovery, finds Jack's tribe in the island's interior during a ritual dance and, mistaken for the beast, is killed by the frenziedالمحموم او المتشدد boys. Ralph, Piggy, Sam, and Eric feel guilty about what they did not stop.

Jack and his band of "savages" decide that they should possess Piggy's glasses, the only means of starting a fire on the island. Raiding Ralph's camp, the savages الهمج confiscate يصادرthe glasses and return to their abode near the great rock heap, called Castle Rock. Ralph, desertedيهجر من   by most of his supporters, journeys to Castle Rock to confrontيواجه Jack and secure the glasses. Taking the conch and accompanied only by Piggy, Sam, and Eric, Ralph finds the tribe and demands that they return the valuable object. Turning against Ralph, the tribe takes Sam and Eric captive اسير while Roger drops a boulder from his vantage point above, killing Piggy and shattering the conch. Ralph manages to escape, but Sam and Eric are tortured until they agree to join Jack's tribe.

The following morning, Jack orders his tribe to begin a manhunt مطاردة for Ralph. Fleeing الفارين through the forest, Ralph watches as the "savages" set fire to the forest, drawing the attention of a passing naval vessel. A landing party from the vessel المدمرة encounters يلتقون به Ralph as he desperately tries to escape the onrushing "savages", and the British officer leading the party, at first mistaking the violence for a game, expected better from British boys.

very exciting story

Common root words and word origins

Common root words and word origins

ROOTS	MEANING	WORD
alter	other	alternate, alter ego
ami, amic-	love	amiable, amicable
amphi	both ends or all sides	amphibian
ann, enni	year	anniversary, annual, biennial, perennial
anthrop	human, man	anthropology, anthropomorphic, misanthrope
aqua, aque	water	aquatic, aquarium, aqueduct
arch	chief, leader, ruler	archangel, monarch, archaic, archenemy
arthro	joint	arthritis
aud	sound	auditorium, audible, audiologist, audiotape
bell	war	belligerent, bellicose
biblio	book	bibliography, bibliophile
bio-	life	biography, autobiography, biology, antibiotic
brev	short	brief, abbreviate
cap	take, seize	capture, captivate, capacity
carn	meat	carnivorous, chili con carne
ced	yield, go	recede, secede, proceed, intercede, concession
chrom-	color	chromatic, monochrome, polychrome
chron-	time	chronicle, chronology, chronometer, synchronize
cogn	know	recognize, cognitive, incognito
cord/chord	cord	harpsichord
corp	body	corpus, corpse, corporal
crac, crat	rule, ruler	autocrat, democracy, bureaucrat, democracy
cred	believe	credible, credulous, credibility, credit, credo
cruc	cross	crucifix, crucial
crusta	shell	crustacean
crypt	hidden	cryptogram, cryptology, cryptic
culp	guilt	culpable, culprit
dei	god	deity, deify
demo-	people	demography, democracy, epidemic
dent	tooth	dentist, dentifrice, dentin
derm-	skin	dermatology, epidermis, hypodermic
dic	speak, say	dictate, predict, diction, indict
dox	belief, opinion	orthodoxy, paradox, heterodoxy
duc, duct	lead	induce, deduce, seduction, conduct, abduct
duo	two	duo
dynam-	power	dynamo, hydrodynamics
ego	self	egotist, egomania
equ	equal	equal, equity, equanimity, equate, equidistant
fac	make, do	manufacture, factory, benefactor
fil	threadlike	filament
frater	brother	fraternal, fraternize
gam-	marriage	monogamy, polygamy, bigamy
geo-	earth	geopolitical, geology, geography, geothermal
glyph	vertical groove	Hieroglyphics—Egyptian “sky writing”
grad, gress	step	gradual, progression, transgression
graph-	writing, printing	graphology, biography, telegraph, geography
gym	naked	gymnasium
gyn-	woman	gynecologist, androgynous
hemo, hema, hem	blood	hemophilia, hematology, hemoglobin
holo	whole, entire	holograph
hydro, hydr	water	dehydrate, hydraulics, hydroelectric, hydroplane
iso	equal, identical	isolate
ject	throw	inject, reject, subject, projection
jud	judge	judicial, judge, adjudicate
leg, lect	read, choose	legible, lectern, lecturer, election
liter	letter	literature, illiterate, literal
loc	place	local, location
log	word	monologue, epilogue
luc	light	lucid, elucidate
magn	large	magnify, magnate, magnificent
man	hand	manufacture, manual, manuscript
mar	sea	marine, mariner
mater	mother	maternal, maternity, matriarchy, matricide
mere	part, segment	mere
meta, met	behind, between	metacognition—behind the thinking
metri, meter-	measure	geometric, thermometer, odometer
min	small	minority, minuscule, minute
mit, miss	send	permit, submission, mission, emit,
mob, mot, mov	move	mobile, automobile, motion, promote, movie
mon	warn	premonition, admonition
mor, mort	death	mortal, mortician, immortality
morph	form, structure	metamorphosis, amorphous, morphology
mut	change	mutant, mutability, mutate
neuro	nerve	neurology, neurosis, neurobiology
nomen /nomin	name	nominal, nominate, nomenclature
nov	new	novel, renovate, innovation, novella
nym, onym	word, name	synonym, acronym, anonymous, pseudonym
odonto	tooth	orthodontist—one who straightens teeth
ortho-	straight, correct	orthodox, orthodontist, orthopedic
pac	peace	pacify, Pacific Ocean, pacifist
pater	father	paternal, paternity, patricide, patrilineal, patriotic
path	feeling, suffering	sympathy, apathy, empathy, telepathy, pathology
ped, pod	foot	pedal, pedometer, centipede, gastropod
pel, puls	push	pulsate, repulsive, impulse, compel, propel
pend	hang, weigh	pendulum, pendant, suspend, pending
phon-, phono-	sound, voice	telephone, euphony, cacophony, phonograph
plan	flat	planar, plantation, plane
pneum	lung	pneumatic
pod	feet	podiatrist
port	carry	portable, transport, portage, report,
pot	power	potent, omnipotent, potentate
psych-	soul, spirit, mind	psychology, psychic, psychobiography
pugna	fight	pugnacious, pugilist
quer, quis	ask	query, inquisition,
scent, scend	climb	ascend, ascent
schizo, schiz	division, split	schizophrenic
sci	know	scientific
sciss	cut	scissors
scrib, script	write	manuscript, scribe, proscribe, scripture
sec, sect	cut	dissect, section
sed, sess	sit	sedentary, session
sens, sent	feel, be aware	sensible, sentient
sequ, secu	follow	sequence, sequel, consecutive
serv	serve, protect	service
simil	same	similar, assimilate, simile, facsimile (fax)
siphon	tube	siphon
sol	sun	solar
son	sound	sonar, resonate, unison
soph	wisdom, knowledge	philosophy, sophisticated, sophomore (wise fool)
spec, spic	look, see	spectacles, spectator, inauspicious, prospect
spir	coil	spiral
spir	breathe	inspire, respiration, conspire, perspiration
spond, spons	promise, answer for	respond, responsible
spont	by one's own force	spontaneous
stat	stay, position	station
tang, tact	touch	tactile, tangible
temp	time	temporary, temporize
ten, tent	hold	tentative, tenable, tenuous
terr	earth	subterranean, terrain, terrestrial, disinter
theo	god, deity	theology, polytheism, atheist, monotheism
therm-	heat	thermal, thermos, thermometer
trophy	nutrition, food	atrophy—without nutrition
uro	urine	Urologist
vac	empty	vacation, vacuum, vacuous, vacant
ven, vent	come, go	intervene, convene, contravene
ver	truth	veracity, verify, verity
vert	turn	introvert, irreversible, vertigo
vit	life	vital, revitalize, vitamin
voc	call	revoke, invocation, vocal, evocative, convocation
zoo	animal	zoo, zoology, zoolatry